原创图解 04 · 音阶
ORIGINAL DIAGRAM 04 · SCALES
中心音保留D，哪几个音变了？
Keep D as the reference. Which notes change?
以D自然小调为对照。先预测哪一级会变化，再切换音列。图中“中心”是设定的比较基准，不是对一段录音的分析结论。
Use D natural minor as the baseline. Predict the changed degree, then switch collections. The center is an assigned comparison reference, not a conclusion from analyzing a recording.
每一级的位置Position of each degree
横向是级数1–7及返回的主音；纵向是相对D4的半音数。小空心圆是自然小调基准，实心圆是当前音列；有变化的音还标出差值。窄屏可横向滚动，完整答案也在下表。
Across: degrees 1–7 and the returning tonic. Height: semitones above D4. Small open circles mark natural minor; filled circles mark the selected collection. Changed pitches also show their difference. Scroll horizontally on a narrow screen; the table gives complete answers.
名称描述这些音程关系，不替代作品分析
Names describe these interval relationships, not a complete work analysis
半音是距离单位，不是Hz数值。十二平均律中的每个半音有相同频率比例；图的等距纵轴不表示等差频率。请把音名、变化的级数和所用语境一起读。
A semitone is an interval unit, not a Hz value. Equal-tempered semitones have equal frequency ratios; equal spacing here does not represent equal frequency increments. Read the note names, changed degrees and context together.
| D起始的音列Collection starting on D | 音名Note names | 相对自然小调Change from natural minor |
|---|---|---|
| 自然小调Natural minor | D4 · E4 · F4 · G4 · A4 · Bb4 · C5 · D5 | 无none |
| 和声小调Harmonic minor | D4 · E4 · F4 · G4 · A4 · Bb4 · C#5 · D5 | 第7级升半音raise degree 7 a semitone |
| 旋律小调 · 常见上行练习Melodic minor · common ascending exercise | D4 · E4 · F4 · G4 · A4 · B4 · C#5 · D5 | 第6、7级升半音raise degrees 6 and 7 a semitone |
| Dorian · 多利亚Dorian | D4 · E4 · F4 · G4 · A4 · B4 · C5 · D5 | 第6级升半音raise degree 6 a semitone |
| Phrygian · 弗里几亚Phrygian | D4 · Eb4 · F4 · G4 · A4 · Bb4 · C5 · D5 | 第2级降半音lower degree 2 a semitone |
边界：这里展示的旋律小调是常见古典上行练习；其配套下行练习常还原为自然小调。实际作品和其他风格可以不同。音列相同也不保证中心感相同，情绪不能只由“大/小调”推断。没有声音、身体动作或自动判调功能。
Limits: melodic minor here is a common classical ascending exercise, often paired with a natural-minor descent. Actual works and other styles can differ. Equal collections do not ensure the same perceived center; major/minor alone does not determine emotion. No sound, physical-movement model or automatic key analysis is provided.