审阅范围 · Review scope
限定范围独立审阅。请保留正文中的出处与限制；不代表全库最终验收、实际演奏或学习效果验证。
Independent review within the stated scope. Keep the evidence and limitations stated in the text in view. This is not final corpus acceptance or validation of performance or learning outcomes.
发布状态。 本原创伴读的来源字段、计算与双语说明已通过独立审阅及最后的定点复核。下文的“候选稿／等待审阅”及数据文件中的候选状态保留为作者制作时点的记录。本次仅加此发布说明，未改原教材或补算缺失的中文对应物。实奏、动作适用性、声音、现代部件等价及教学效果仍未验证；相关工作译名继续保留限定。
Publication status. This original companion passed independent source-field, calculation and bilingual review, including the final focused recheck. Candidate/awaiting-review wording below and in the data retains its author-time status. Integration adds only this publication note; it neither edits the textbook nor fills missing source-Chinese counterparts. Performance, movement suitability, sound, modern-part equivalence and learning effects remain unvalidated; terminology qualifications remain in force.
击弦机图例伴读 / Companion to the action legend
【本库原创补充材料】§80，PDF实页226／页脚225。下面逐一对应原图1–32号。英文列保留源标签，中文及解释由本库新编，不是找到的原中文图例。原图没有型号和年代，不能凭相似位置把每项改成某个现代品牌的部件名。
[Our original supplement] Section 80, physical page 226 / footer 225. Each row maps to source label 1–32. English labels preserve the source; Chinese labels and explanations are newly authored, not a recovered Chinese legend. The drawing supplies no model or date, so similar positions do not establish equivalence with parts in a modern manufacturer's action.
术语状态：“描述译名”适合帮助定位，并非已核统一行业译名；“等价待核”表示连现代部件的对应关系也未确定。第25号Hammer／弦槌及整体action／击弦机的双语用法得到雅马哈中英文说明支持。其他中文名称均为本稿工作译名，不能仅因英语词熟悉就宣称专业译名已认证。
Terminology status: descriptive translations help locate a part but are not certified standardized trade names. “Equivalence unresolved” means the modern component match is also unsettled. Yamaha's English and Chinese explanations support Hammer/弦槌 at label 25 and action/击弦机 at the overall level. Other Chinese labels are working translations in this companion, not professional terminology certification.
| 编号 / No. | 源英文 / Source English | 本稿中文 / Our Chinese | 初学者说明 / Beginner explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jack | 顶杆 | 向槌柄接触件传递运动的细长杠杆；不把它与复奏杠杆14合并。 The slender lever transmitting motion toward the hammer-shank contact; distinct from repetition lever 14. |
| 2 | Key lever button | 琴键枢轴木座（描述译名） | 键杆上方、中枢销附近的凸起木座；button在这里不是电子按钮。 The raised block on the key lever near its pivot pin; button here does not mean an electronic pushbutton. |
| 3 | Balance Rail | 平衡梁（琴键支点托条） | 位于琴键支点区域下方的支承条。 The supporting rail beneath the key’s balance-point area. |
| 4 | Key lever center pin | 琴键中枢销（图中名称） | 从琴键枢轴处伸出的销；不要与机构各小轴架的中心销自动视为同一零件。 The pin at the key pivot; do not automatically equate it with the center pins in the action’s small flanges. |
| 5 | Center pin felt bushing | 中枢销毡衬套（图中名称） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 原图把5号指到键杆下方的支点附近；未据图确定具体毡件规格或现代部件等价。 The leader points near the pivot beneath the key lever; exact felt specification and modern-part equivalence are not established. |
| 6 | Jack adjustment button | 顶杆调节钮（图中名称） | 右侧短杠杆上方的接触钮；本条不指定调节方法，也不自动改名为某一现代调节钮。 The contact button above the short right-hand arm; no adjustment method or automatic modern-name substitution is supplied. |
| 7 | Jack adjustment screw | 顶杆调节螺钉（图中名称） | 与6号相邻的螺钉；知道名称不等于知道应转多少。 The screw adjacent to 6; identifying it does not specify any amount of turning. |
| 8 | Action metal frame | 击弦机金属支架 | 图中支承机构的深色框架，与琴弦铁板不是同一个图示对象。 The dark supporting action frame; it is not the string-bearing plate depicted elsewhere in a piano. |
| 9 | Hammer butt rail | 弦槌根部支承梁（暂译） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 指向右上支承块；hammer butt的本图含义及其现代通名等价仍待核。 Points to the upper-right support; the diagram-specific meaning of hammer butt and its modern equivalent remain unresolved. |
| 10 | Hammer butt on sand paper | 弦槌根部置于砂纸上（源短语暂译） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 原图文字是“butt on”，不是“button”；指向右上条块。无法据图确认材料或对应的标准部件名称。 The source says “butt on,” not “button”; the leader reaches the upper-right strip. Material and standard component identity are unconfirmed. |
| 11 | Hammer butt top screw | 弦槌根部顶部螺钉（暂译） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 位于上部支承件；不直接等同现代drop screw或弦槌轴架螺钉。 Located on the upper support; not directly equated with a modern drop screw or hammer-flange screw. |
| 12 | Roller or knuckle | 槌柄滚轮／接触节（工作译名） | 槌柄下方的圆形接触件；roller一词本身不证明它是可自由转动的轮子。 The rounded contact under the hammer shank; the word roller alone does not establish a freely rotating wheel. |
| 13 | Butt stop screw | 根部限位螺钉（暂译） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 图中靠近滚轮的螺钉；准确限制哪一部件及现代通名仍待核。 The screw near the roller; its exact constrained component and modern name remain unresolved. |
| 14 | Repetition lever | 复奏杠杆 | 位于槌柄接触件下方、与再次击键准备有关的杠杆；名称不规定重复速度。 The lever below the hammer-shank contact, associated with preparing repetition; its name sets no repetition speed. |
| 15 | Repetition lever spring | 复奏杠杆弹簧 | 与14号相联的弹簧；仅识别位置与归属。 The spring associated with 14; only location and association are identified. |
| 16 | Repetition stop hook | 复奏止挡钩（描述译名） | 14号左侧附近的钩状限位件；不从示意图推定调整量。 The hook-shaped stop near the left side of 14; the schematic supplies no adjustment amount. |
| 17 | Repetition lever adjust. screw | 复奏杠杆调节螺钉 | 原图17号指向杠杆左端附近的螺钉。 Leader 17 points to the screw near the lever’s left end. |
| 18 | Spoon - jack control | 勺形顶杆控制件（暂译） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 图例明确提到jack；不能因spoon一词就改叫制音器抬升匙。 The legend explicitly refers to the jack; spoon alone does not establish a damper-lifting spoon. |
| 19 | Jack spring | 顶杆弹簧 | 图中顶杆附近的弯曲弹簧，与15号分开识别。 The curved spring near the jack, identified separately from 15. |
| 20 | Wippen flange | 联动器轴架（工作译名） | 联动器左侧的铰接支承；flange在此按枢轴支承件理解。 The hinged support at the left of the wippen; flange here denotes a pivot support. |
| 21 | Hammer rest rail | 弦槌休止托条 | 支承休止位置的托条；与其表面的缓冲垫22分开。 The rest support rail, distinct from its cushion 22. |
| 22 | Hammer rest rail cushion | 弦槌休止托条缓冲垫 | 21号托条上的缓冲层；不是整根托条。 The cushioning layer on 21, not the entire rail. |
| 23 | Repetition lever flange | 复奏杠杆轴架（图中名称） | 图中杠杆中部下方的铰接支承；与20号联动器轴架分开。 The pivot support below the lever’s middle, distinct from wippen flange 20. |
| 24 | Capstan | 卡钉／顶升接触件（工作译名） | 位于琴键上方、联动器下方的接触件；这里只解释两者相接的位置。 The contact between the key and the wippen; only their contact location is described. |
| 25 | Hammer | 弦槌 | 击弦的槌头；本图未画出琴弦，不从静图推出实际击弦轨迹。 The striking hammer head; strings are absent from this drawing, so its actual striking path is not verified. |
| 26 | Back check | 接槌器（工作译名） | 位于槌尾旁的接持件，用于理解回落接持；不是接触琴弦的制音器。 The catching part beside the hammer tail, for understanding return checking; it is not the string-contacting damper. |
| 27 | Back check wire | 接槌器钢丝杆 | 连接26号与键杆的细长杆。 The slender wire connecting 26 to the key lever. |
| 28 | Damper felt contact point | 制音器毡接触点（图中名称） | 这是键尾的接触位置标签；不是一件完整制音器的图示。 This labels a contact location at the key tail, not a complete illustrated damper. |
| 29 | Back key rail cloth | 键后托条呢毡（描述译名） | 键尾下方的软质支承层；cloth不能被译成整根木质托条。 The soft support layer beneath the key tail; cloth does not mean the entire wooden rail. |
| 30 | Wippen | 联动器（工作译名） | 琴键上方的杠杆组件；不等于单独的复奏杠杆14。 The lever assembly above the key; not identical to the individual repetition lever 14. |
| 31 | Jack button to adjust jack | 顶杆调节钮（源描述，等价待核） [等价待核 / equivalence unresolved] | 指向中央靠近18号的小块；不与6号自动合并为同一调节件。 Points to the small block near 18; not automatically merged with adjustment part 6. |
| 32 | Wippen Rail | 联动器支承梁 | 与20号轴架相连的支承条，和30号运动组件分开。 The rail supporting the flange at 20, distinct from moving assembly 30. |
图内另有 KEY LEVER（键杆／琴键杠杆） 与 KEY BED（键床），不计入32个编号。前者是长条琴键作为杠杆的部分；后者是下方支承，不是放大琴弦振动的音板。第28号是“接触点”标签，不能按32个编号就说有32个完整独立装置。
The diagram also contains KEY LEVER and KEY BED, outside the 32 numbered labels. The former is the long key member acting as a lever; the latter is the supporting bed below, not the soundboard. Label 28 denotes a contact point, so the 32 labels do not imply 32 complete independent mechanisms.
已读参考的实际用途 / What the references support
- 雅马哈中文击弦机说明与英文说明：仅采用action／击弦机、hammer／弦槌及damper felt／制音器毡等基本名称与角色。未验证或采用该页历史故事、极限重复速度和影片。 / Yamaha’s paired pages support these basic names and roles; their historical narrative, maximum repetition rate and video were not validated or adopted.
- Renner USA 2026目录：选读印刷第7页的knuckle名称、第12页的wippen／repetition lever／flange文字、第30页的衬料名称及第32页的jack／repetition lever工具标题；仅用于确认英语词汇存在，不用产品规格替换本图或推定通用尺寸。 / Selected terminology on printed pages 7, 12, 30 and 32 corroborates English vocabulary only; product specifications do not replace this diagram or establish universal dimensions.
- Steinway《The Touch》：选读wippen、flange、capstan、balance rail、backcheck等用词及其简要关系；未采纳历史优先权、速度优势、材料疗效或调校操作。 / Selected vocabulary and brief relationships were read, without adopting historical priority, speed-advantage or material-performance claims, or regulation instructions.
这些参考没有完成原图5、9、10、11、13、18、31号的现代部件等价核定，也没有提供其统一专业中文译名。第10号须特别保持原文 Hammer butt on sand paper 的分词；不要把 butt on 连读成 button。 / These references do not settle modern equivalence for source labels 5, 9, 10, 11, 13, 18 and 31 or establish standardized Chinese terms for them. In label 10, preserve the word boundary in Hammer butt on sand paper; do not merge butt on into button.
【我们的纸面练习】任选“杠杆、轴架、弹簧、接触点”各一项，在自己合法持有的图上找到编号，说明它是运动件、支承件还是位置标签；不能确定时保留问号。本伴读只用于认识名称和层级，不指导拆卸、转动螺钉、润滑、替换零件或调校，也没有实机运动验证。 / [Our paper exercise] Select a lever, flange, spring and contact-point label in your legally held figure. Locate each number and distinguish moving part, support and location label; retain a question mark when unsure. This companion teaches names and hierarchy. It supplies no disassembly, screw-turning, lubrication, replacement or regulation procedure, and no real-mechanism motion validation.